JAMB Economics Past Questions & Answers - Page 195

971.

Contractionary monetary policy is used to

A.

Control inflation

B.

Bridge the deflationary gap

C.

Expand the output level

D.

Deregulate the economy

Correct answer is A

Contractionary monetary policy is when central banks raise interest rates and reduce the money supply to avoid inflation.

The goal is to reduce inflation by limiting the amount of active money circulating in the economy.

972.

The high rate of inflation in Nigeria can be attributed to

A.

Increasing cost of production

B.

The appreciation of the naira

C.

Decreasing cost of production

D.

High capacity utilization

Correct answer is A

Increase in the cost of production would lead to a rise in prices. And this has been a major cause of inflation in Nigeria, as plenty money would be used to purchase very few goods.

973.

The theoretical relationship between money supply and prices is weakened by changes in the

A.

Money supply

B.

General price level

C.

Velocity of money

D.

Interest rate

Correct answer is B

No explanation has been provided for this answer.

974.

An example of injection into the circular flow of income is

A.

Taxes

B.

Pensions

C.

Imports

D.

Exports

Correct answer is D

In the circular flow of income, injections include the sum of government spending (G), exports (X) and investments (I).

975.

The output approach to measuring national income is based on the computation of

A.

Final output

B.

Factor cost

C.

Value added

D.

Profits earned

Correct answer is C

The output approach measures national output called gross domestic products (GDP) in terms of the values added by each of the sectors of the economy.