Data Processing Questions and Answers

The attributes in Table 1 are Reg. No, House, and Age.

An attribute is a single piece of data about an entity. In Table 1, each row represents a student entity. The Reg. No, House, and Age columns represent the attributes of the student entity.

The values in the Reg. No column are unique, so the Reg. No column is the primary key of the table. The House and Age columns are not unique, so they cannot be used as primary keys.

The other values in the table are the data for the attributes. For example, the value "18/001" in the Reg. No column is the data for the Reg. No attribute of the first student entity.

Columns 2 and 3 in Table 1 cannot be used as a primary key because both fields contain duplicate values.

A primary key is a unique identifier for each record in a database table. It ensures that each record has a distinct value, allowing for efficient data retrieval and maintaining data integrity. In the given TableStudent, the "House" column (Column 2) and the "Age" column (Column 3) both contain duplicate values. For example, the House column has two records with the value "Yellow" and the Age column has two records with the value "15". Since a primary key must have unique values, neither of these columns can be used as the primary key.

The formula that will calculate the total number of individuals who earn less than ₦500,000 from the table as shown in Figure 3 is COUNTIF(E2:E5, "< 500,000").

The COUNTIF function counts the number of cells that contain a specific value in a range. In this case, we want to count the number of cells in the E column that contain a value less than ₦500,000. The E column contains the net salaries of the individuals. Therefore, the COUNTIF function will return the total number of individuals who earn less than ₦500,000.

The formula that will correctly display the total number of individuals involved in the computation as shown in Figure 3 is COUNTA(A2:A5).

The COUNTA function counts the number of cells that are not empty in a range. In this case, we want to count the number of cells in the A column that are not empty. The A column contains the identification numbers of the individuals involved in the computation. Therefore, the COUNTA function will return the total number of individuals involved in the computation.

The other formulas mentioned are:

COUNT: This function counts the number of cells that contain numbers in a range.

COUNTIF: This function counts the number of cells that contain a specific value in a range.

SUM: This function sums the values in a range.

In this case, we do not want to count the number of cells that contain numbers or the number of cells that contain a specific value. We want to count the number of cells that are not empty. Therefore, the COUNTA function is the most appropriate function to use.

No explanation has been provided for this answer.

No explanation has been provided for this answer.

No explanation has been provided for this answer.

The hierarchy of data size is as follows:

Bit
Byte
Field
Record

A bit is the smallest unit of data and can represent a binary value of 0 or 1. A byte consists of 8 bits. A field is a collection of related data elements, and a record is a collection of fields. So, in terms of size, a byte is larger than a bit, and a field and a record are composed of multiple bytes and potentially multiple fields, respectively

The term that does not describe the importance of data security is normalization.

Data security focuses on ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. The terms provided—availability, consistency, and integrity—are all related to aspects of data security:

Availability: Ensures that data is accessible and available when needed, without unauthorized disruptions.

Consistency: Ensures that data remains consistent and accurate across different parts of the system.

Integrity: Ensures that data remains accurate and unaltered throughout its lifecycle, preventing unauthorized or unintended modifications.

Normalization, on the other hand, is a database design technique used to structure data in a way that reduces redundancy and ensures efficient data storage and retrieval. While normalization is important for database design, it is not directly related to data security in the same way that availability, consistency, and integrity are.

The allocation and de-allocation of computing resources in a computer is the function of the operating system. The operating system is responsible for managing various hardware and software resources, including memory, processing power, storage, and input/output devices. It ensures that different applications and processes run smoothly by allocating resources as needed and de-allocating them when they are no longer required. Application software, browsers, and memory units may interact with the operating system, but the primary responsibility for resource management lies with the operating system.