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The European Union (EU) is a unique political and economic union made up of 27 European countries that work together to promote peace, stability, and shared prosperity across the continent. Since its foundation, the EU has evolved into one of the world’s most powerful regional blocs, integrating its member states through common laws, free trade, open borders, and in many cases, a shared currency—the Euro.
Each of the European Union countries contributes its own culture, economy, and governance style, yet all are unified by core values of democracy, human rights, and cooperation. From the historic landmarks of Rome and Paris to the modern innovation hubs of Berlin and Stockholm, EU member states are connected through strong economic ties, coordinated policies, and seamless travel for citizens.
This post explores the full list of European Union countries, highlighting their GDP, population, capitals, and national flags to give you a complete picture of the EU landscape.
Below is a listing of all 27 European Union member countries along with their nominal GDP estimates for 2025. Numbers are rounded to the nearest billion USD for readability.
Country | Estimated GDP (2025, Nominal) (USD billions) |
---|---|
Germany | 4,922 |
France | 3,283 |
Italy | 2,460 |
Spain | 1,828 |
Netherlands | 1,273 |
Poland | 915 |
Belgium | 689 |
Sweden | 639 |
Ireland | 587 |
Austria | 559 |
Romania | 406 |
Czech Republic | 360 |
Finland | 320 |
Portugal | 320 |
Greece | 265 |
Hungary | 246 |
Slovakia | 152 |
Bulgaria | 116 |
Luxembourg | 97 |
Croatia | 96 |
Slovenia | 77 |
Latvia | 48 |
Estonia | 45 |
Cyprus | 36 |
Malta | 26 |
Lithuania | 162 |
Denmark | 431 |
Here's a listing of all 27 European Union countries by estimated population in 2025
Country | Estimated Population (2025) |
---|---|
Germany | 84,075,075 |
France | 66,650,804 |
Italy | 59,146,260 |
Spain | 47,889,958 |
Poland | 38,140,910 |
Romania | 18,908,650 |
Netherlands | 18,346,819 |
Belgium | 11,758,603 |
Sweden | 10,656,633 |
Czech Republic | 10,609,239 |
Portugal | 10,411,834 |
Greece | 9,938,844 |
Hungary | 9,632,287 |
Austria | 9,113,574 |
Bulgaria | 6,714,560 |
Denmark | 6,002,507 |
Finland | 5,623,329 |
Slovakia | 5,474,881 |
Ireland | 5,308,039 |
Croatia | 3,848,160 |
Lithuania | 2,830,144 |
Slovenia | 2,117,072 |
Latvia | 1,853,559 |
Cyprus | 1,370,754 |
Estonia | 1,344,232 |
Luxembourg | 680,453 |
Malta | 545,405 |
Here's a listing of all 27 European Union countries and their capitals
Country | Capital |
---|---|
Austria | Vienna |
Belgium | Brussels |
Bulgaria | Sofia |
Croatia | Zagreb |
Cyprus | Nicosia |
Czech Republic | Prague |
Denmark | Copenhagen |
Estonia | Tallinn |
Finland | Helsinki |
France | Paris |
Germany | Berlin |
Greece | Athens |
Hungary | Budapest |
Ireland | Dublin |
Italy | Rome |
Latvia | Riga |
Lithuania | Vilnius |
Luxembourg | Luxembourg |
Malta | Valletta |
Netherlands | Amsterdam |
Poland | Warsaw |
Portugal | Lisbon |
Romania | Bucharest |
Slovakia | Bratislava |
Slovenia | Ljubljana |
Spain | Madrid |
Sweden | Stockholm |
Here's a listing of all 27 European Union countries and their flags
Country | Flag |
---|---|
Austria | ![]() |
Belgium | ![]() |
Bulgaria | ![]() |
Croatia | ![]() |
Cyprus | ![]() |
Czech Republic | ![]() |
Denmark | ![]() |
Estonia | ![]() |
Finland | ![]() |
France | ![]() |
Germany | ![]() |
Greece | ![]() |
Hungary | ![]() |
Ireland | ![]() |
Italy | ![]() |
Latvia | ![]() |
Lithuania | ![]() |
Luxembourg | ![]() |
Malta | ![]() |
Netherlands | ![]() |
Poland | ![]() |
Portugal | ![]() |
Romania | ![]() |
Slovakia | ![]() |
Slovenia | ![]() |
Spain | ![]() |
Sweden | ![]() |
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