List of European Union Countries by GDP, Population, Capitals & Flags (2025)

The European Union (EU) is a unique political and economic union made up of 27 European countries that work together to promote peace, stability, and shared prosperity across the continent. Since its foundation, the EU has evolved into one of the world’s most powerful regional blocs, integrating its member states through common laws, free trade, open borders, and in many cases, a shared currency—the Euro.

Each of the European Union countries contributes its own culture, economy, and governance style, yet all are unified by core values of democracy, human rights, and cooperation. From the historic landmarks of Rome and Paris to the modern innovation hubs of Berlin and Stockholm, EU member states are connected through strong economic ties, coordinated policies, and seamless travel for citizens.

This post explores the full list of European Union countries, highlighting their GDP, population, capitals, and national flags to give you a complete picture of the EU landscape.

European Union Countries by GDP (2025)

Below is a listing of all 27 European Union member countries along with their nominal GDP estimates for 2025. Numbers are rounded to the nearest billion USD for readability.

Country	Estimated GDP (2025, Nominal) (USD billions)
Germany	4,922
France	3,283
Italy	2,460
Spain	1,828
Netherlands	1,273
Poland	915
Belgium	689
Sweden	639
Ireland	587
Austria	559
Romania	406
Czech Republic	360
Finland	320
Portugal	320
Greece	265
Hungary	246
Slovakia	152
Bulgaria	116
Luxembourg	97
Croatia	96
Slovenia	77
Latvia	48
Estonia	45
Cyprus	36
Malta	26
Lithuania	162
Denmark	431

European Union Countries by Population (2025)

Here's a listing of all 27 European Union countries by estimated population in 2025

Country	Estimated Population (2025)
Germany	84,075,075
France	66,650,804
Italy	59,146,260
Spain	47,889,958
Poland	38,140,910
Romania	18,908,650
Netherlands	18,346,819
Belgium	11,758,603
Sweden	10,656,633
Czech Republic	10,609,239
Portugal	10,411,834
Greece	9,938,844
Hungary	9,632,287
Austria	9,113,574
Bulgaria	6,714,560
Denmark	6,002,507
Finland	5,623,329
Slovakia	5,474,881
Ireland	5,308,039
Croatia	3,848,160
Lithuania	2,830,144
Slovenia	2,117,072
Latvia	1,853,559
Cyprus	1,370,754
Estonia	1,344,232
Luxembourg	680,453
Malta	545,405

European Union Countries and Capitals

Here's a listing of all 27 European Union countries and their capitals

Country	Capital
Austria	Vienna
Belgium	Brussels
Bulgaria	Sofia
Croatia	Zagreb
Cyprus	Nicosia
Czech Republic	Prague
Denmark	Copenhagen
Estonia	Tallinn
Finland	Helsinki
France	Paris
Germany	Berlin
Greece	Athens
Hungary	Budapest
Ireland	Dublin
Italy	Rome
Latvia	Riga
Lithuania	Vilnius
Luxembourg	Luxembourg
Malta	Valletta
Netherlands	Amsterdam
Poland	Warsaw
Portugal	Lisbon
Romania	Bucharest
Slovakia	Bratislava
Slovenia	Ljubljana
Spain	Madrid
Sweden	Stockholm

European Union Countries and Flags

Here's a listing of all 27 European Union countries and their flags

Country	Flag
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden