JAMB Physics Past Questions & Answers - Page 426

2,126.

A wire of 5Ω resistance is drawn out so that its new length is two times the original length. If the resistivity of the wire remains the same and the cross-sectional area is halved, the new resistance is

A.

40Ω

B.

20Ω

C.

10Ω

D.

Correct answer is B

Let the original length = L1
Let the original resistance = R1 = 5Ω
Let the original resistivity = P1
Let the original area = a1
Let the new length = L2 = 2L1

let the new area = a2 = 1/(2a2)
Let the new resistance = R2
Let the new resistivity = P2
But since the resistivity remains the same,
=> P1 = P2

∴ P1 = R1 a1
_L1

= P2 = R2 a2
_L2

But a2 = 1/2a1; and L2 = 2L1
R1 a1
_L1

= R2 2a1/2
_2L1

=> 5 x a1
_L1

= R2 x a1
_4L1

∴R2 = 5 x a1 x 4L1
_a1 x L1

= 20Ω

2,127.

The operation of an optical fibre is based on the principal of

A.

dispersion of light

B.

interference of light

C.

refraction of light

D.

polarization of light

Correct answer is C

No explanation has been provided for this answer.

2,128.

In the diagram above, if each of the resistors can dissipate a maximum of 18W without becoming excessively heated, what is the maximum power the circuit can dissipate?

A.

27W

B.

18W

C.

9W

D.

5W

Correct answer is A

From the above diagram, if each of the resistors can dissipate a maximum of 18W, the from the relation power, P = I2R, the current in the 2Ω series resistor is given by:
I2 = P/R = 18/2 = 9 => I = √9 = 3A
The effective parallel arrangement of the two 2Ω resistors: 1/R = 1/2 + 1/2 = 1Ω
∴ Total resistance in the circuit = 1 + 2 = 3Ω
current flowing the circuit = 3A
∴ Maxi. power = P = I2R = 32 x 3 = 27W

2,129.

A positive charged rod X is brought near as uncharged metal sphere Y and is then touched by a finger with X still in place. When the finger is removed, the result is that y has

A.

no charge and a zero potential

B.

a positive charge and zero potential

C.

a negative charge and positive potential

D.

a negative charge and a negative potential

Correct answer is D

No explanation has been provided for this answer.

2,130.

If 1.2 x 106J of heat energy is given off in 1 sec from a vessel maintained at a temperature gradient of 30Km-1, the surface area of the vessel is

A.

1.0 x 102m2

B.

9. 0 x 102m2

C.

1.0 x 103m2

D.

9.0 x 104m2

Correct answer is A

Generally in thermal/heat conduction, if 1.2 x 106 J is the heat flow per seconds; 30KM-1 is the temperature gradient of the materials; and 400Wm-1K-1 the thermal conductivity of the material, then we have that:
heat flow per seconds per unit area = thermal conductivity x temp. gradient
i.e = 1.2 x 106Area
= 400 x 30
=> 400 x 30 x Area = 1.2 x 106
∴ Area = 1.2 x 106400 x 30
Area = 100m2 or 1.0 x 102m2