JAMB Chemistry Past Questions & Answers - Page 440

2,196.

When heat is absorbed during a chemical reaction, the reaction is said to be

A.

thermodynamic

B.

exothermic

C.

isothermal

D.

endothermic

E.

thermostatic

Correct answer is D

No explanation has been provided for this answer.

2,197.

When air which contains the gases Oxygen, nitrogen, carbondioxide, water vapour and the rare gases, is passed through alkaline pyrogallol and then over quicklime, the only gases left are?

A.

nitrogen and carbondioxide

B.

the rare gases

C.

nitrogen and oxygen

D.

nitrogen and the rare gases

E.

nitrogen, carbondioxide and the rare gases

Correct answer is D

- Alkaline solutions of pyrogallol absorb oxygen efficiently.

- Quicklime have a strong chemical affinity to absorb water.

- At room temperature, Calcium oxide (CaO) will spontaneously absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

2,198.

The oxidation state of chlorine in potassium chlorate is?

A.

+1

B.

+2

C.

+3

D.

+5

E.

+7

Correct answer is D

- potassium chlorate --> KClO\(_3\)

valencies of K = +1, O = -2.

: (+1) + Cl + ( -2  X 3 atoms ) = 0

Cl + 1 - 6 = 0

Cl = 5

∴ The oxidation state of chlorine in potassium chlorate is +5

2,199.

An element X forms the following compounds with chlorine; XCl4, XCl3, XCl2. This illustrates the

A.

law of multiple proportions

B.

law of chemical proportions

C.

law of simple proportions

D.

law of conservation of mass

E.

law of definite proportions

Correct answer is A

this question expresses the law of multiple proportions which states that if two elements A and B combine together to form more than one compound, the various masses of element B which combines with a fixed mass of B are in simple whole number ratios. e.g 

2,200.

Elements P, Q, R, S have 6, 11, 15, 17 electrons respectively, therefore,

A.

P will form an electrovalent bond with R

B.

Q will form a covalent bond with S

C.

R will form an electrovalent bond with S

D.

Q will form an electrovalent bond with S

E.

Q will form a covalent bond with R

Correct answer is D

P [6] =  2, 4
Q [11] = 2, 8, 1
R [15] = 2, 8, 5
S [17] = 2, 8, 7

Given the above is the electronic arrangement of PQRS elements, Q will form an electrovalent bond with S

Further explanation was provided by our student by name (Odebiyi Dare D-cent) via our facebook page. Thus he says:

without argument, D is the answer cos electrovalent involves the transfer of electron. Already, Q is 11 with elect configuration of 2,8,1, i.e having 1 valency electron which is ready to be loss by that atom of element Q, also, S is 17, with electronic configuration, with 2,8,7. There the 7valence electron of S attracts that nly 1 electron to attain a stable octet structure.