JAMB Economics Past Questions & Answers - Page 64

As a result of difference in economic opportunities, people tend to migrate to where there are more economic opportunities like jobs, business, industries and social amenities. Majority of these are situated in urban areas in developing countries, this in turn facilitate rural-urban migration which is a major problem for developing countries.

Employer’s association is formed to enable members to adopt a common policy in labour negotiation. A good example of employers association is that of the Nigerian Employers’ Consultative Association (NECA).

Fiscal policy is the use of income and expenditure instruments or policies to control or regulate the economic activities of a country. It is a plain action by government pertaining to the raising of revenue through taxation and other means and the pattern of expenditure to be applied.

Rural-urban migration is the movement of people from rural areas such as villages to urban centers. The establishment of industries, projects and businesses that will absorb the rural working population and reverse labor movement will go a long way in reducing rural-urban drift.

Total population = 100,000,000

  Total land area = 50 sq km

  Population density=(Total population) / (Land area)

  =100,000000/50

  =2,000,000

  =2 million persons per sq km

By calculation, the population density is 2 million people per square meter