Biology questions and answers

Biology Questions and Answers

How well do you understand living things and their vital processes? Whether you are preparing for JAMB, WAEC, NECO and Post-UTME, these Biology past questions and answers cover such subjects as the chemistry of life, botany, evolution, genetics, ecology etc to help you know what to expect, improve your speed and confidence and be really prepared for the actual aptitude test.

46.

The ability of organisms to maintain a constant internal environment is known as

A.

diuresis

B.

plasmolysis

C.

endosmosis

D.

homeostasis

Correct answer is D

The ability of organisms to maintain a constant internal environment is known as "homeostasis." Homeostasis is a fundamental biological concept that refers to the ability of living organisms to maintain a stable and relatively constant internal environment despite changes in the external environment.

47.

The type of nutrition in which organisms take solid organic materials into their body is

A.

parasitic

B.

holozoic

C.

saprophytic

D.

symbiotic

Correct answer is B

Holozoic nutrition is a type of nutrition in which organisms consume solid organic materials. This is the type of nutrition seen in most animals, where food is ingested and then broken down through digestion. This is different from symbiotic (where two organisms live together and benefit from each other), saprophytic (where organisms feed on dead and decaying matter), and parasitic (where one organism benefits at the expense of another) nutrition.

48.

Which of the following structures in the ear is responsible for transmitting sound vibrations to the auditory nerve?

A.

Eardrum

B.

Ossicles

C.

Cochlea

D.

Auditory canal

Correct answer is C

The cochlea is a spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear that is filled with fluid and lined with cells with very fine hairs. These hairs move when the fluid in the cochlea moves, thereby converting sound vibrations into nerve signals that the brain can interpret. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Cochlea.' The eardrum and ossicles help to transmit sound vibrations to the cochlea, but it is the cochlea that transmits these vibrations as signals to the auditory nerve.

49.

Which of the following is a difference between plant and animal cells?

A.

Plant cells have a nucleus, while animal cells do not

B.

Plant cells have a cell membrane, while animal cells have a cell wall

C.

Plant cells contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis, while animal cells do not

D.

Plant cells have a central vacuole, while animal cells have multiple small vacuoles

Correct answer is C

One of the main differences between plant and animal cells is that plant cells contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis, while animal cells do not. However, plant cells contain chloroplasts, which are organelles responsible for photosynthesis, enabling plants to convert sunlight into energy-rich molecules. Animal cells lack chloroplasts and obtain energy through other means, such as consuming organic matter.

50.

Digestive enzymes are responsible for

A.

Breaking down food into smaller molecules

B.

Absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream

C.

Regulating the pH of the digestive tract

D.

Transporting food through the digestive system

Correct answer is A

Digestive enzymes play a vital role in the process of digestion by breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be easily absorbed and utilized by the body. Digestive enzymes are produced by various organs in the digestive system, including the salivary glands, stomach, pancreas, and small intestine.