How well do you understand living things and their vital processes? Whether you are preparing for JAMB, WAEC, NECO and Post-UTME, these Biology past questions and answers cover such subjects as the chemistry of life, botany, evolution, genetics, ecology etc to help you know what to expect, improve your speed and confidence and be really prepared for the actual aptitude test.
Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for providing support in plants?
Muscles and bones
Exoskeleton
Endocrine system
Cell walls and turgor pressure
Correct answer is D
The mechanism responsible for providing support in plants is the combination of cell walls and turgor pressure. In plants, the cell walls, composed of cellulose, provide structural support to the cells and tissues. They give rigidity and strength to plant cells, enabling them to maintain their shape and resist external forces. Additionally, turgor pressure, which is the pressure exerted by the cell contents against the cell walls, helps maintain the overall rigidity and upright form of plants.
Which of the following is a primary source of pollution in aquatic ecosystems?
Soil erosion
Industrial discharge
Air pollution
Deforestation
Correct answer is B
Industrial discharge refers to the release of pollutants, such as chemicals, heavy metals, and wastewater, from industrial activities into water bodies. This is a primary source of pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Industries generate various pollutants that are often released into nearby water bodies, leading to water pollution and adverse effects on aquatic organisms and ecosystems.
Which of the following is a plant hormone responsible for promoting cell elongation and growth?
Abscisic acid
Gibberellins
Ethylene
Cytokinins
Correct answer is B
Gibberellins are plant hormones that play a significant role in promoting cell elongation and growth.
Which of the following statements is true regarding sex-linked traits?
Sex-linked traits are located on the sex chromosomes
Sex-linked traits are inherited only from the mother
Sex-linked traits are more commonly observed in females
Sex-linked traits are not influenced by hormonal factors
Correct answer is A
Sex-linked traits are traits that are determined by genes located on the sex chromosomes (X and Y chromosomes in humans).
Competition leads to the selection of individuals with favorable traits for survival and reproduction
Competition ensures equal distribution of resources among individuals in a population
Competition leads to the development of new traits and adaptations in a population
Competition reduces the need for adaptations as individuals coexist peacefully
Correct answer is A
When individuals within a population compete for limited resources such as food, water, or mates, those individuals with favorable traits that enhance their ability to acquire resources are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Which of the following describes the inheritance of traits from parents to offspring?
Adaptation
Evolution
Natural selection
Genetics
Correct answer is D
Genetics is the field of biology that studies the inheritance of traits from parents to offspring. Genetics encompasses various concepts and principles, including the study of genes, DNA, chromosomes, genetic inheritance patterns, genetic mutations, and genetic variations.
Which of the following is the most inclusive level of classification in the Linnaean system?
Kingdom
Phylum
Domain
Class
Correct answer is A
The most inclusive level of classification in the Linnaean system is the kingdom.
Viviparity refers to the reproductive strategy in which
Offspring are produced by internal fertilization
Offspring are produced by external fertilization
Offspring develop and are nourished inside the female's body
Offspring develop and are nourished outside the female's body
Correct answer is C
Viviparity is a reproductive strategy in which offspring develop and are nourished inside the female's body until they are ready to be born. Viviparity is commonly observed in various organisms, including mammals, some reptiles, and certain fish species. In viviparous species, the developing offspring receive nutrients and oxygen directly from the mother through specialized structures such as a placenta or other nutrient-transfer organs.
Which of the following statements is true about the kingdom Fungi?
Fungi obtain nutrients by absorbing organic matter
Fungi are photosynthetic organisms
Fungi are multicellular organisms
Fungi reproduce through the formation of seeds
Correct answer is A
The correct statement about the kingdom Fungi is that fungi obtain nutrients by absorbing organic matter. Fungi are heterotrophic organisms, meaning they cannot synthesize their own organic compounds. Instead, they secrete enzymes to break down organic matter in their surroundings, such as decaying plants or dead animals, and absorb the resulting nutrients.
Which of the following is NOT a method of reproduction in animals?
Asexual reproduction
Budding
Sexual reproduction
Sporulation
Correct answer is D
Sporulation is a method of reproduction observed in some groups of organisms, such as fungi and certain types of protists. It involves the formation and release of spores, which are specialized reproductive structures that can develop into new individuals under suitable conditions. Sporulation is not a method of reproduction in animals.
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