JAMB Biology Past Questions & Answers - Page 3

Carbohydrates are classified as macronutrients. Macronutrients like carbohydrates are a major source of energy in the diet and are classified as such.

The kidneys are primarily responsible for excretion in humans. The kidneys are the major excretory organs in humans. They filter waste products, excess ions, and water from the blood to produce urine, which is then eliminated from the body.

Metamorphosis is commonly observed in certain animal groups, such as insects (e.g., butterflies, beetles) and amphibians (e.g., frogs, salamanders). It involves a dramatic change in body form and structure as an organism progresses through distinct stages of its life cycle. These stages may include egg, larval, pupal, and adult phases.

The mechanism responsible for providing support in plants is the combination of cell walls and turgor pressure. In plants, the cell walls, composed of cellulose, provide structural support to the cells and tissues. They give rigidity and strength to plant cells, enabling them to maintain their shape and resist external forces. Additionally, turgor pressure, which is the pressure exerted by the cell contents against the cell walls, helps maintain the overall rigidity and upright form of plants.

Industrial discharge refers to the release of pollutants, such as chemicals, heavy metals, and wastewater, from industrial activities into water bodies. This is a primary source of pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Industries generate various pollutants that are often released into nearby water bodies, leading to water pollution and adverse effects on aquatic organisms and ecosystems.

Gibberellins are plant hormones that play a significant role in promoting cell elongation and growth.

Sex-linked traits are traits that are determined by genes located on the sex chromosomes (X and Y chromosomes in humans).

When individuals within a population compete for limited resources such as food, water, or mates, those individuals with favorable traits that enhance their ability to acquire resources are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Genetics is the field of biology that studies the inheritance of traits from parents to offspring. Genetics encompasses various concepts and principles, including the study of genes, DNA, chromosomes, genetic inheritance patterns, genetic mutations, and genetic variations.

The most inclusive level of classification in the Linnaean system is the kingdom.