JAMB Biology Past Questions & Answers - Page 4

Viviparity is a reproductive strategy in which offspring develop and are nourished inside the female's body until they are ready to be born. Viviparity is commonly observed in various organisms, including mammals, some reptiles, and certain fish species. In viviparous species, the developing offspring receive nutrients and oxygen directly from the mother through specialized structures such as a placenta or other nutrient-transfer organs.

The correct statement about the kingdom Fungi is that fungi obtain nutrients by absorbing organic matter. Fungi are heterotrophic organisms, meaning they cannot synthesize their own organic compounds. Instead, they secrete enzymes to break down organic matter in their surroundings, such as decaying plants or dead animals, and absorb the resulting nutrients.

Sporulation is a method of reproduction observed in some groups of organisms, such as fungi and certain types of protists. It involves the formation and release of spores, which are specialized reproductive structures that can develop into new individuals under suitable conditions. Sporulation is not a method of reproduction in animals.

Temperature primarily affects the distribution of organisms in an ecosystem. Temperature is a crucial factor that influences the survival, growth, and reproductive capabilities of organisms. Different species have specific temperature requirements and tolerance ranges.

Genetics is the field of biology that studies the inheritance of traits from parents to offspring. Genetics encompasses various concepts and principles, including the study of genes, DNA, chromosomes, genetic inheritance patterns, genetic mutations, and genetic variations.

Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to various parts of the body.

The correct hierarchical organization of life from the smallest to the largest scale is as follows: cells, tissues, organs, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems.

Implementing sustainable fishing practices is an example of conserving resources in an ecosystem. It identifies a practice that helps in preserving and maintaining the fish populations and the overall health of aquatic ecosystems.

Arthropods are characterized by the presence of a segmented body. This is a key characteristic of the phylum Arthropoda, which includes insects, spiders, and crustaceans. The other options are incorrect. Arthropods do not exhibit radial symmetry, they have an open circulatory system, and their exoskeleton is made of chitin, not bones.

The alimentary canal, also known as the gastrointestinal tract, is a long, continuous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus. It is responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients.
Oesophagus: The esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Pancreas: The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine gland. From the digestive system perspective, it plays an important role in producing and secreting digestive enzymes into the small intestine.
Small intestine: The small intestine is the longest part of the alimentary canal and is divided into three sections: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.