WAEC Economics Past Questions & Answers - Page 56

276.

The value added method used in measuring national income is to

A.

Measure output at factor cost

B.

Avoid multiple counting of output

C.

Deduct depreciation of capital assets

D.

Add net factor income from abroad

Correct answer is D

By adding to its net factor income from abroad, we get NNPFC which is called national income.

277.

Which of the following is a transfer income?

A.

Dividends

B.

Rent

C.

Pensions

D.

Interest

Correct answer is C

Examples of transfer payments include welfare, financial aid, social security, and government making subsidies for certain businesses.

278.

In an industrial area, the location of industries is particularly influenced by

A.

Extent of the division of labour

B.

External economies

C.

Internal economies

D.

Nearness to financial institution

Correct answer is B

External economies of scale imply that as the size of an industry grows larger or more clustered, the average costs of doing business within the industry fall. This may occur due to increased specialization or training of workers, faster innovation or shared supplier relationships.

Following are the types of external economies of scale

  1. Transportation and Communication
  2. Skilled Labour
  3. Facility of Workshop
  4. Helping Industry
  5. Research and Experiment
  6. Banking Facility

279.

Which of the following is a threat to the existence of middlemen?

A.

Consumers cooperative society

B.

Producers cooperative society

C.

Sales agents

D.

Large scale producers

Correct answer is A

Consumers cooperative society is an autonomous association of consumers united voluntarily to meet their common needs and aspirations. The cooperative society purchases in bulk directly from the producers which  avails them discounts and in return, sells in small lots to their members, thereby eliminating the middlemen (both the wholesaler and retailer)

280.

The system of agriculture which involves the cultivation of crops and rearing of animals for family consumption only is termed?

A.

Peasant farming

B.

Plantation agriculture

C.

Commercial farming

D.

Subsistent farming

Correct answer is D

Subsistence agriculture occurs when farmers grow food crops to feed themselves and their families. In subsistence agriculture, farm output is targeted to survival and is mostly for local requirements with little or no surplus trade. The typical subsistence farm has a range of crops and animals needed by the family to feed and clothe themselves during the year.