WAEC Further Mathematics Past Questions & Answers - Page 114

566.

Simplify: \(^{n}C_{r} ÷ ^{n}C_{r-1}\)

A.

\(\frac{n(n-r)}{r}\)

B.

\(\frac{n}{r(n-r)}\)

C.

\(\frac{1}{r(n-r)}\)

D.

\(\frac{n+1-r}{r}\)

Correct answer is D

\(^{n}C_{r} = \frac{n!}{(n-r)! r!}\)

\(^{n}C_{r - 1} = \frac{n!}{(n - (r - 1))! (r - 1)!}\)

\(^{n}C_{r} ÷ ^{n}C_{r - 1} = \frac{n!}{(n - r)! r!} ÷ \frac{n!}{(n-(r-1))!(r-1)!}\)

= \(\frac{n!}{(n-r)! r!} \times \frac{(n-(r-1)! (r-1)!}{n!}\)

= \(\frac{(n + 1 - r)! (r - 1)!}{(n - r)! r!}\)

= \(\frac{(n+1-r)(n-r)! (r-1)!}{(n-r)! r (r - 1)!}\)

= \(\frac{n + 1 - r}{r}\)

567.

In calculating the mean of 8 numbers, a boy mistakenly used 17 instead of 25 as one of the numbers. If he obtained 20 as the mean, find the correct mean. 

A.

24

B.

23

C.

21

D.

19

Correct answer is C

Let the sum of the 8 numbers = y.

\(\frac{y}{8} = 20 \implies y = 20 \times 8 = 160\)

\(160 - 17 = 143 (\text{the sum of the other 7 numbers})\)

\(mean = \frac{143 + 25}{8} = \frac{168}{8}\)

= 21

568.

Four fair coins are tossed once. Calculate the probability of having equal heads and tails.

A.

\(\frac{1}{4}\)

B.

\(\frac{3}{8}\)

C.

\(\frac{1}{2}\)

D.

\(\frac{15}{16}\)

Correct answer is B

Let \(p(head) = p = \frac{1}{2}\) and \(p(tail) = q = \frac{1}{2}\)

\((p + q)^{4} = p^{4} + 4p^{3}q + 6p^{2}q^{2} + 4pq^{3} + q^{4}\)

The probability of equal heads and tails = \(6p^{2}q^{2} = 6(\frac{1}{2}^{2})(\frac{1}{2}^{2})\)

= \(\frac{6}{16} = \frac{3}{8}\).

569.

Given that \(y = 4 - 9x\) and \(\Delta x = 0.1\), calculate \(\Delta y\).

A.

9.0

B.

0.9

C.

-0.3

D.

-0.9

Correct answer is D

\(y = 4 - 9x\)

\(\frac{\mathrm d y}{\mathrm d x} = \frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = -9\)

\(\frac{\Delta y}{0.1} = -9 \implies \Delta y = -9 \times 0.1 = -0.9\) 

570.

A particle starts from rest and moves in a straight line such that its acceleration after t secs is given by \(a = (3t - 2) ms^{-2}\). Find the distance covered after 3 secs.

A.

\(10m\)

B.

\(9m\)

C.

\(\frac{13}{3} m\)

D.

\(\frac{9}{2} m\)

Correct answer is D

Given, \(a(t) =  (3t - 2) ms^{-2}\), the first integration of a(t), with respect to t, gives v(t) (the velocity). The second integration of a(t) or first integration of v(t) gives s(t).

\(v(t) = \int (3t - 2) \mathrm {d} t = \frac{3}{2}t^{2} - 2t\)

\(s(t) = \int (\frac{3}{2}t^{2} - 2t) \mathrm {d} t\)

= \(\frac{t^{3}}{2} - t^{2}\)

When t = 3s,

\(s(3) = \frac{3^{3}}{2} - 3^{2} = \frac{27}{2} - 9 \)

= \(\frac{9}{2}\)