Biology Questions and Answers

Arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood back to the heart.

Arteries transport blood away from the heart and branch into smaller vessels, forming arterioles. Arterioles distribute blood to capillary beds, the sites of exchange with the body tissues. Capillaries lead back to small vessels known as venules that flow into the larger veins and eventually back to the heart.

If a woman is colorblind, that means she has the nonworking gene on both X chromosomes.

Since sons almost always get their only X chromosome from their mom, chances are they will be colorblind too.

Centromeres are chromosomal regions that mediate kinetochore assembly and spindle attachment during cell division.

In simple organisms, such as cnidarians and flatworms, every cell in the body is close to the external environment.

Their cells are kept moist and gases diffuse quickly via direct diffusion. Flatworms are small, literally flat worms, which “breathe” through diffusion across the outer membrane.

Annelids have a closed circulatory system; the blood is entirely contained in vessels. 

Annelids have no lungs, although many species have simple gills.

Translocation is the movement of materials in plants from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Nutrients, mainly sugars, are created in the leaves during photosynthesis. These are then transported throughout the plant through phloem, which are a long series of connected cells.

 Arboreal animals are those animals that spend most of their life on trees. They feed, travel, play, and sleep on trees.

1. Koalas · 2. Black spider monkeys · 3. Siamang Gibbon · 4. Three-toed Sloth · 5. squirrel · 6. Rough green snake · 7. Veiled Chameleons · 8. Common brown lemurs.

The spongy mesophyll's function is to allow for the interchange of gases (CO 2) that are needed for photosynthesis. 

Blood donors with type O- (O negative) red blood cells are referred to as universal donors and their red blood cells can be given to any other blood type.

Type AB-positive blood is called the "universal recipient" type because a person who has it can receive blood of any type.

Red blood cells are microscopic and have the shape of a flat disk or doughnut, which is round with an indentation in the center, but it isn't hollow.

Red blood cells don't have a nucleus like white blood cells, allowing them to change shape and move throughout your body easier.

Acquired traits include things such as calluses on fingers, larger muscle size from exercise or from avoiding predators.